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Journal Articles

Modeling dynamics of $$^{137}$$Cs in forest surface environments; Application to a contaminated forest site near Fukushima and assessment of potential impacts of soil organic matter interactions

Ota, Masakazu; Nagai, Haruyasu; Koarashi, Jun

Science of the Total Environment, 551-552, p.590 - 604, 2016/05

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.02.068
 Times Cited Count：34 Percentile：72.19(Environmental Sciences)

A model for $$^{137}$$Cs transfer in forest was developed to assess behavior of Fukushima-derived $$^{137}$$Cs. The model simulation well reproduced observed 3 year migration of $$^{137}$$Cs in organic layer and mineral soil. Long-term predictions indicated that more than 90% of the deposited $$^{137}$$Cs remains in the top 5 cm soil till 30 years, suggesting that forest acts as a long-term reservoir of $$^{137}$$Cs with limited loss via groundwater pathway. Impacts of soil organic matter (SOM) on $$^{137}$$Cs dynamics were investigated by modifying parameters of $$^{137}$$Cs turnover. The results showed that SOM-induced reduction of $$^{137}$$Cs adsorption, slower fixation of $$^{137}$$Cs by clay and enhanced mobilization of the fixed $$^{137}$$Cs elevate soil-to-plant transfer of $$^{137}$$Cs by increasing fraction of dissolved $$^{137}$$Cs. A substantial proportion (27% $$sim$$ 73%) of $$^{137}$$Cs in these soils was delivered to horizons deeper than 5 cm decades later. These results suggested that SOM significantly influences behavior of $$^{137}$$Cs over long-term.

JAEA Reports

Experimental study of gas generation by microorganism

Mine, Tatsuya*; Mihara, Morihiro;

JNC TN8430 2000-010, 27 Pages, 2000/07

JNC-TN8430-2000-010.pdf:0.72MB

In the geological disposal system of the radioactive wastes, gas generation by microorganism could be significant for the assessment of this system, because organic material included in groundwater, buffer material and wastes might serve as carbon sources for microorganisms. In this study, gas generation tests using microorganisms were carried out under anaerobic condition. The amount of methane and carbon dioxide that were generated by activity of Methane Producing Bacteria (MPB) were measured with humic acid, acetic acid and cellulose as carbon sources. The results showed that methane was not generated from humic acid by activity of MPB. However, in the case of using acetic acid and cellulose, methane was generated, but at high pH condition (pH=10), the amount of generated methane was lower than at low pH (pH=7). It was not clear whether the pH would affect the amount of generated carbon dioxide.

JAEA Reports

None

; ;

PNC TN1420 96-014, 302 Pages, 1994/03

PNC-TN1420-96-014.pdf:6.93MB

no abstracts in English

Oral presentation

Sorption and desorption of radiocesium to river soils, 1; Soil characterization

Terashima, Motoki; Tachi, Yukio; Sato, Tomofumi; Akagi, Yosuke*; Kawamura, Makoto*; Nakane, Hideji*; Fujiwara, Kenso; Iijima, Kazuki

no journal, , 

no abstracts in English

Oral presentation

Sorption and desorption of radiocesium to river soils, 2; Sorption and desorption measurement

Tachi, Yukio; Sato, Tomofumi; Terashima, Motoki; Takeda, Chizuko*; Fujiwara, Kenso; Iijima, Kazuki

no journal, , 

To predict the transport behaviors of radiocesium in river systems around the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant, the sorption and desorption of Cs on various types of river soils was investigated as functions of Cs concentration and reaction time. The key factors controlling the Cs transport were discussed based on types of clay minerals, organics, sorption kinetics, etc.

Oral presentation

Relationship between aggregate size and organic matter characteristic in Japanese forest soils

Nagano, Hirohiko; Koarashi, Jun; Atarashi-Andoh, Mariko

no journal, , 

It is important to examine the relationship between the size of soil aggregates and the density and property of soil organic matter associating with aggregates, in order to understand the process of soil carbon stabilization. However, the relationship between aggregate size and soil organic matter characteristics varies depending on soils. Then, it is difficult to estimate the relationship without the aggregate fractionation. In this study, we investigated the relationship between aggregate size and carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) concentrations of aggregates for several soils collected from Japanese forests. In a soil collected from a forest of Miyazaki (phosphoric acid absorption coefficient was 14 g P$$_{2}$$O$$_{5}$$/kg), both C and N concentrations were similar among different sizes of aggregates. In a soil from a forest of Hiroshima (phosphoric acid absorption coefficient 4 g P$$_{2}$$O$$_{5}$$/kg), C and N concentrations in micro-aggregates were two-hold higher than those in macro-aggregate. Although further evaluation using more forest soils is necessary, the dependence of the organic matter concentration on the aggregate size could be estimated from the phosphoric acid absorption coefficient.

Oral presentation

Studies on the soil carbon storage and its response to the climate change

Nagai, Haruyasu; Koarashi, Jun; Atarashi-Andoh, Mariko; Ota, Masakazu; Nagano, Hirohiko

no journal, , 

no abstracts in English

7 (Records 1-7 displayed on this page)
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